Theme Of Censorship In Fahrenheit 451 - 1341 Words

Censorship is defined as the suppression or prohibition of any parts of books, films, news, etc., which are considered obscene, politically unacceptable or a threat to security. Ray Bradbury’s ideals for the novel, Fahrenheit 451, have shown a different light on how a society can function. The theme of censorship is displayed in the novel by the firemen and how they are uneducated about the values of knowledge and happiness, the secret understanding the people don’t have about books, and the standards and sameness these people rely on in their everyday life. In the novel, the characters Montag, Clarisse, Mildred, Faber, and Beatty have some impact on the effect of censorship in this futuristic society. Montag uses the phrase, â€Å"It was a†¦show more content†¦Especially, since in this society, no one is really happy or sad, this makes him question more than he has ever before. Montag also dives into the unknown world of censorship, which has taken a drasti c effect on the kind of world he is living in. Another reason why censorship is thought of as a crucial point in the novel is society’s normalities do rely on the government for their safety, comfort and most influential, their sameness. The people in this society are so focused on being the same, that it is what they know and only know of. We must all be alike. Not everyone born free and equal, as the Constitution says, but everyone must be made equal. Each man is the image of each other; then we are all happy, for there are no mountains to make them cower; to judge themselves against. So! A book is a loaded gun in the house next door. Burn it. Take a shot from the weapon. Breach the man’s mind. And so when the houses were finally fireproofed completely, all over the world there was no longer a need for firemen for the old purposes. They were given a new job, as the custodians of our peace of mind, the focus of our understandable and rightful dread of being inferior: official censors, judges, and executors. (Bradbury p. 57) This explains how censorship has such a present impact in this futuristic society, not only to the readers but to the characters as well. â€Å"It didn’t come from the government down. There was no dictum, noShow MoreRelatedTheme Of Censorship In Fahrenheit 4511285 Words   |  6 PagesThis idea or theme called censorship, is the suppression or prohibition of any parts of books, films, news, etc. that are considered obscene, politically unacceptable, or a threat to security.Bradbury’s ideals for this novel have shown a different light on what a society can function like and how the people are so unaware of such as knowledge and happiness. The theme of censorship is proven in the novel by the firemen and how they are so uneducated about the ideas of knowledge and happiness, theRead MoreEssay on Theme of Censorship in Bradburys Fahrenheit 4511669 Words   |  7 Pages Congress shall make no law...abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press (U.S. Constitution). Throughout the ages, censorship has shown up in various forms ranging from printed works to television and the Internet. It can have the positive effect of protecting children from things they are too immature to view, but it can also have negative effects. Censorship may even suppress new and different ideas, keeping them from being made public. It may also set limitations, which stifle the creativityRead MoreTheme Of Allusion In Fahrenheit 451922 Words   |  4 PagesFahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury is full of different allusions from different books and authors and also full of themes connected to the allusions. Some of the allusions in the book are Henry David Thoreau and his book, Walden. Guy Fawkes and the book of Job connect to the book as well. The theme of Henry David Thoreau and his book Walden, is the effects of oppression. In his book he wants to get away from the industrial society. â€Å"Escape the trappings of industrial progress † (Thoreau). He isolatesRead MoreRay Bradbury Once Said, â€Å"Collecting Facts Is Important.1517 Words   |  7 Pagesnovel, â€Å"Fahrenheit 451,† provides insight to the overlying problems found in the futuristic utopian society. Ray Bradbury is well known for his masterful use of words to fill his novels with theme. Do we, as readers, pick up on the many universal ideas, or themes, authors provide in short stories, novels, or even social media postings? Theme, as Portable Literature Reading, Reacting, Writing states, is the â€Å"central or dominant idea [of a work of literature]; however, many people confuse theme withRead MoreEssay on Fahrenheit 451, by Ray Bradbury972 Words   |  4 PagesIn Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, irony is used to convey information and it contributes to the overall theme of the novel. Written during the era of McCarthyism, Fahrenheit 451 is about a society where books are illegal. This society believes that being intellectual is bad and that a lot of things that are easily accessible today should be censored. The overall message of the book is that censorship is not beneficial to society, and that it could cause great harm to one’s intelligence and socialRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1200 Words   |  5 Pagesto their observations and views on society and its functions. In the book Fahrenheit 451, Ray Bradbury incorporated the corruption of the society in which he lived in into the dystopian society created in his book. Fahrenheit 451, a fictional book about a protagonist’s attempt to overcome a dystopian society’s corruption, was written by Ray Bradbury while living in 1950’s America. The book focuses on themes of censorship, and illustrates the effects of when a society is con trolled and limited. TheRead MoreFigurative Language In Fahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury702 Words   |  3 Pages â€Å"Don’t face a problem, burn it.† (Bradbury 115). This is a quote from the book, Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury. Fahrenheit 451 follows Montag’s journey after he begins to realize the truth about books. The overall theme is censorship and more importantly the result of it. In the beginning of the novel, Ray Bradbury focuses on figurative language to convey his theme. Throughout the first part, Bradbury uses many forms of figurative language such similes, metaphors, and irony. One example ofRead MoreRay BradburyS Fahrenheit 451 Shows A Society Where, Similar1070 Words   |  5 PagesRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 451 shows a society where, similar to modern day America, technology and conformity are praised, but unique ideas are seen as taboo. Many have heard phrases to the effect of â€Å"Don’t watch so much TV, it’ll rot your brain!† But is there any validity to these claims? Ray Bradbury thought so when he wrote the novel, and he is not alone in these beliefs. Many believe that television can have detrimental effects on one s intellect, as well as their individuality. Similarly,Read MoreRay Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 Essay552 Words   |  3 Pages In the book Fahrenheit 451 the theme is a society/world that revolves around being basically brain washed or programmed because of the lack of people not thinking for themselves concerning the loss of knowledge, and imagination from books that dont exist to them. In such stories as the Kurt Vonneguts quot;You have insulted me letterquot; also involving censorship to better society from vulgarity and from certain aspects of life that could be seen as disruptive to day to day society which leadsRead MoreA Flame-Filled Foreboding Essay1224 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"There are worse crimes than book burning. One of them is not reading them.† The author of the novel in question, Ray Bradbury, said this statement regarding censorship and book burning, a main topic in his most famous novel Fahrenheit 451. The novel is set in a futuristic dystopia in which books and other activities that don’t offer instant gratification (such as being a pedestrian) are banned, and in the case of books, burned. The protagonist of the story, Guy Montag, goes about a journey of self-discovery

Discrimination Against Females in Sport Free Essays

Discrimination against Females in Sports Gender difference has always been an issue in many shapes and forms and throughout many circumstances in the past, present and still will be in the future. This paper focuses on the issue of discrimination against women in sports. Either being an athlete or a coach, women have always been looked upon as not as talented sports wise as men, even though in reality, they are. We will write a custom essay sample on Discrimination Against Females in Sport or any similar topic only for you Order Now This issue is articulated in many ways. The news paper Green Leaf Weekly reports from the past that sports editors and journalists think that women’s sport is not â€Å"newsworthy† (Brown, 1993). Just that quote says a whole lot about the lack of respect people have for women who play sports who work just as hard as men to contend in their sport. Research by Eileen McDonagh and Laura Pappana demonstrates that sex segregation in sports does not simply reflect biology, but it actively constructs and reinforces social ideas of female inferiority (McDonagh Pappana, 2010). For example, it has been a known fact that women have better physiological endurance compared to men, but yet in the Olympics some of the racing events are actually shorter compared to the men because the women are perceived as not being able to handle the same distance men run. In May of 2004 the sports world was flipped upside down when Title IX was put in place. This title should have been put in place a long time ago, but with all the discriminatory gender issues, it took this long to come to be. Title IX prohibits discrimination against girls and women in federally funded education and athletic programs. The law states that schools who do not follow Title IX, will lose their federal funding. This was a huge step in the beginning of discriminatory actions towards females in sport to be diminished. There are many resources available for exploring this subject area. Finding data and charts is hard to find, but there are many news paper articles on discrimination against women in sports. Also a few websites as well to help you get informed on how and why there is discrimination towards women in sports in the first place. There is a website called Women’s Sports Foundation that has a lot of information about women in sports. The good thing about this website is that though it focuses on the negative aspects like discrimination, it also focuses on the positive aspects and what women have achieved in sport and what future goals for women’s sports are. A fact the website states that by 2010, 53 athletic opportunities were offered to every 100 high school boys, and 41 athletic opportunities were offered to every hundred high school girls. Though the number is lower than that of the males, it still is much better than 20 years before this time when it was seldom that 7 athletic opportunities were offered to every 100 high school girl. This statistical research shows that discrimination in sports towards women is improving, slowly, but surely. Women are the most affected by this issue because they are being discriminated against in sports. More so than just women, younger women have an even harder time as when you are a young girl there are no girl’s leagues, just mixed leagues with boys. When females play with males, a lot of people say discriminatory things about girls and how they are incapable of playing with males. Likely problems that could come out of this for Canadian society would be that the discrimination problem against women will never be fixed, or it could also get worse. Women need to realize their worth and do something about the issues that are being brought towards them in sports. They have the right to play sports and enjoy them just as much as males do, and they are just as talented as males are. There are many solutions to this problem. A few solutions have already been created in order to better the sports world for women. The Title IX was definitely an important time in history when the document was put in place that discrimination against women is strictly prohibited in federally funded sports (Steven, 2004). Women’s sports being in the Olympics also play a very important part in helping this problem. Over the years as more women’s sports were added into the Olympics, it got more media coverage and more attention. With this attention, more young females joined the sports world and the female sports world vastly grew. I feel more women’s sports need to be added into the Olympics, and maybe even create a professional women’s sports league, like the NHL or NBA. Creating a professional women’s sports league would definitely capture enough attention to possibly make the discrimination simmer down. Another option is to possibly create women’s sports centers all over the world for women to come together who play sports and possibly make a change and realize there are a lot of other females all around the world who feel just as they feel. Making people aware of the problems of discrimination in sports could open the eyes of a lot of people to see that it actually is a huge problem. In conclusion, sports are meant to be an activity to demonstrate teamwork, hard work, pain, courage and most of all belief. Belief is hard to achieve when you are being discriminated against, and a lot of people turn to sports to gain confidence. Gender in sports shouldn’t matter, sports teach to you the lessons no matter what gender you are. Many people use sports as a getaway from the crazy world now days and they should feel comfortable. Females need to realize their worth to the sports world, and if more people become aware of the problem and try and solve it, many younger females will be inspired in the future society to take sports to a whole new level, without discrimination against females. The problem will never be completely solved, but with determination anything is possible. References Brown, C. , (1993). Green Leaf Weekly. Article, 121. Retrieved from http://web. ebscohost. com. library. smu. ca:2048/ehost/detail? vid=3hid=11sid=66b0d127-bc37-4ca5-a903-ef2cab3580af%40sessionmgr11bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=fyhAN=MRB-WRI0271980 McDonagh, E. , Pappana, K. , (2010). In Brief. Women’s Studies, 39(1), 67. Retrieved from http://web. bscohost. com. library. smu. ca:2048/ehost/detail? vid=3hid=11sid=66b0d127-bc37-4ca5-a903-ef2cab3580af%40sessionmgr11bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=fyhAN=46837840 Steven, L. Y. , (2004). The Sport Of Numbers: Manipulating Title IX To Rationalize Discrimination Against Women. Brigham Young University Education Law Journal, 1, 155. Retrieved from http://web. ebscohost. com. library. smu. ca:2048/ehost/detail? vid=3hid= How to cite Discrimination Against Females in Sport, Essay examples

Reflective Report Global Citizenship

Question: Discuss about theReflective Report for Global Citizenship. Answer: Introduction: Reflection on Interviews: I must say that prior getting contacted with the students of La Trobe I only had theoretical knowledge about global citizenship or inter-cultural communication. The interviews that were conducted by me helped me to enhance my knowledge towards the concept of Global citizen. Interviewing the students of La Trobe helped me a lot to develop my understanding. All the students were very cooperative and they gracefully participated in my academic project. I do not have to make any kind of formality with them and they responded to my queries very enthusiastically. The University has students from around the Globe including USA, Europe and Asian countries like Bangladesh, India as well. It is for the same reason I got the opportunity of understanding the Global culture. I observed that the students from the Asian Countries especially from India and Bangladesh felt a little awkward while sharing their experience or interviewing with me. It was perhaps because they were not so fluent in Englis h. I observed that they had a different accent of English and they usually face problems to understand the accent of the Australian or the students who has US origin. I must include that the University has opened its door for any person seeking for academic opportunities and has been successful as well in attracting students from around the Globe. The university is highly been internationalized in terms of its culture as well as education system. In terms of Global Citizenship I must say that the Australia based students were very friendly towards the other students and I did not find any kind of mismatch among these people. They were friends. This has automatically given me the impression that the people have adopted global citizenship irrespective of any kind of forceful act. Therefore, I can say that these things or characteristics develop within an individual when they fall under such situation. At the time of conducting the interviews, when I asked a few foreigners about their future plans, they said they shall return to their own country and shall continue their professional life there only. I have observed that many students from around the Globe come to Australia to pursue their education but they are not found to continue their professional career here. There was a girl who had plans for marriage in her future rather than any other professional goals. In such cases, I can say that it completely depends on a persons choice and thinking about their future goals. If certain issues that I shall identify in terms of the native people then I must take this into consideration that the culture of the people are not same. European and especially the British people are much disciplined and they want to live a peaceful life, they are not the exact fun loving people. I have observed that they were very direct to their answer rather than making any kind of fun. There has been an att itude of these people that showed that they are superior to others. On the other hand, when I asked the same thing to an Australia origin student, I found that they are more fun loving and they like to enjoy their time more than devoting it to studies or other serious activities. My second round of interview was also conducted in the premises of La Trobe University. I found that not only the students but other faculties of the University were also supportive and they nicely spoke to me and answered my queries. At a certain point of time, I faced problem regarding because one of the authorities was busy and could not make it up for the face to faced interview. Nevertheless, we had a telephonic conversation and he answered my queries over the phone calls only. It has to be mentioned here that there is a major difference between a face to face interview and that is done over the phone. I was completely unaware of the body language of the person and whether the questions were clear to him or not. Furthermore, it might also happen that the person could not link the queries with himself and just gave a neutral answer to the questions that I asked without further going into details. In terms of multi-cultural work place, I must say that Australia is rich in its multi-cultural diversity. The people are very friendly and they are present to help each at every instance (Isin, 2013). In terms of higher authority as well, there were many people who do not have their origin here in Australia but they are at quite a high designated position. This clearly states that the Australian culture supports the inter-cultural relationship and other forms of interactions. I have understood that it is only by the help of the people of a particular nation, others can learn about the culture and the ethics of a particular country (Reysen Katzarska-Miller, 2013). It will be a wrong expectation from a person who has come from abroad to acknowledge things about the nation that they are currently residing in. Therefore, it can be easily claimed that it is the responsibility of the people of the country to teach others about their culture and other diversities. In case, if it is found t hat a person from the abroad is not able to match themselves with the culture of the new country, it is the responsibility of the citizen of that country to help him or her to overcome such challenges (Martin Nakayama, 2013). Human behaviour and the treatment that one get in a foreign country implies the culture of that country. If I have to find certain flaws in the University that does not support internationalization, then it has to be mentioned that the University does not offer any kind of other language courses for the foreign students. The University might start a number of courses or subjects that are related to the European or the French culture (latrobe.edu.au, 2016). In fact, the Indian history is also important and it attracts many students towards learning and understanding the culture and history of India. Moreover, the University has the provision of a good number of Asian students. Therefore, it is recommended that the University come up with a diversification of courses in its academic lists that shall attract more students. In addition to this, there should be strict guidelines drawn for the students that irrespective ones culture or ethnic background, each and every student must be treated equally and with respect. There are a variety of ethnic groups and their culture varies from one grou p to the other (Watkins Glover, 2016). Adapting to this dynamic nature of a particular place or region makes a person eligible to cope to with the culture. It has to be remembered that schools or Universities are the places where people learn things that is portrayed in their later life situations. Therefore, providing a proper education in terms of understanding the nature of the diversity in the world is important (Keyman Iduygu, 2013). It has to be understood that each and every country has their own culture, language, tradition that marks them with a separate identification. However, this difference shall not become a threat for the world. It is for the same reason, understanding the importance of being culturally diverse and the ability of tolerance towards other culture is important. Reflection on Weekly Discussion: The weekly discussions were based on several factors like global citizenship, intercultural communication and other such topics. In terms of understanding these concepts I must say that I was completely unaware of the actual meaning of these terms. Primarily I used to think that a person who has got the citizenship of the whole world is said to be a Global citizen however, my misconception was cleared after I attended the weekly discussion classes. I have understood that Global citizenship is a kind of responsibility that has to be undertaken by an individual to become a part of the globe (Keyman Iduygu, 2013). In this emerging world, there has been increasing impact of globalization and it is for the same reason, it has become important that an individual must have the sense of global citizenship and must be aware of the lifestyle and the culture of the people from around the world. In case of understanding the intercultural communication, one thing is clear to me that diversity in terms of culture is highest in the academic institutions rather than any other places. I have understood that the ability of a person to undertake the difference of culture varies. Some have limited capability to deal with culturally diverse people and it is when a dilemma arises between two people. Interaction is very important to understand the culture of other people. Segregation and narrow communication has declined the opportunity of people to know about each other and develop a better understanding of the cultural diversity. In this respect, it has to be mentioned that with the increasing impact of the availability of internet and the development of various social networking sites as well, the opportunity of knowing people from different countries having different culture and ethnic background has increased a lot. People support other people of different nations by any raising t heir voice using the social media as the basic platform. In the recent gay-lesbian movement, whole world found to support the people asking for their basic rights. These are the symptoms that shows that the difference of the cultural barrier is decreasing and the people are getting involved in making themselves a part of the world culture. Another perspective of culture that I like to mention here is that there has been an increasing havoc regarding the increasing terrorism activities. It has been pointed out that the Muslim or the Arab nations are the main reason behind the declining situation of the worlds safety. It is for the same reason there has been a creation of terror among the people in respect to this particular Islam culture. However, in my opinion, terrorism has nothing to do with religion. The reasons are different for the increasing terror activities and it has nothing to do with the culture or the religion of a place or people (Fonagy et al., 2016). If a particular religion has a definite culture and customs, it shall be addressed with greater respect. The best understanding about the intercultural behaviour and communication as well was gained at the time of interaction with the people of the University. The kind of enthusiasm that the students showed at the time of participation was very encouraging. People there had different attitudes towards the program but with the answers received from them it was evident that the students understand the importance of cultural diversity in the society (Keyman Iduygu, 2013). The University has a website of them, which was also helpful. There were students available for online chats and used to help to resolve any kind of query at any point of time. They respect each others culture and with the passage of time, they have developed a mutual understanding for each others. It has to be mentioned here that making distinction in respect to different cultural values will result in the increase of hatred and difference and shall not improve the condition of the world (Keyman Iduygu, 2013). I can share my personal experience here. I have never been culturally or ethically being bullied or disrespected. I have friends who belong to different cultures and are from different countries of the world but these factors never created any kind of negative impact in my life. I have to say that I have improved my personality a lot by keeping a good contact with these groups of people. In fact the interview session at La Trobe was also a learning experience for me. All these things are definitely going to help me in my future both in my academic career as well as in professional career. References: Bradham, W. S., Collins, S., Miller, K., Carlise, J., Sperling, M., Fermann, G. J., ... Spinale, F. G. (2013). Profiling Determinants Reflective of Heart Failure and Matrix Remodeling Stratify Patients Presenting With Acute Dyspnea and Early Hospital Readmission.Circulation,128(Suppl 22), A13825-A13825. Carbaugh, D. (2013).Cultural communication and intercultural contact. Routledge. Casmir, F. L. (2013).Ethics in intercultural and international communication. Routledge. Fonagy, P., Luyten, P., Moulton-Perkins, A., Lee, Y. W., Warren, F., Howard, S., ... Lowyck, B. (2016). Development and validation of a self-report measure of mentalizing: the Reflective Functioning Questionnaire.PloS One,11(7), e0158678. Isin, E. F. (2013).Democracy, citizenship and the global city. Routledge. Jandt, F. E. (2015).An introduction to intercultural communication: Identities in a global community. Sage Publications. Keyman, F., Iduygu, A. (2013).Citizenship in a global world: European questions and Turkish experiences. Routledge. latrobe.edu.au, 2016 La trobe University, Available at: https://www.latrobe.edu.au/students [Retrieved on: 2-08-2016] Martin, J. N., Nakayama, T. K. (2013).Experiencing intercultural communication. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Reysen, S., Katzarska-Miller, I. (2013). A model of global citizenship: Antecedents and outcomes.International Journal of Psychology,48(5), 858-870. Watkins, P., Glover, A. (2016). Future Generations: Developing Education for Sustainability and Global Citizenship for University Education Students. InTeaching Education for Sustainable Development at University Level(pp. 67-81). Springer International Publishing.

Turn Blue by The Black Keys free essay sample

The Black Keys have always posed an interesting conundrum for critics. On one hand, this is a band made up of two guys who went from riding around in a rust-bucket El Camino and earning dough performing in local country barrooms to churning out hockey stadium anthems and playing on â€Å"SNL.† On the other hand, it has never been clear just how seriously we are supposed to take their music. Most critics have been slightly dismissive of the Black Keys tendency to work within such a limited – and somewhat dated – aesthetic sphere as rock n roll blues. On their eighth studio LP, â€Å"Turn Blue,† drummer Patrick Carney and vocalist/guitarist Dan Auerbach have one clear message: We are meant to be taken seriously. The opening song, â€Å"Weight of Love,† is an unpredictable seven-minute roller-coaster that jolts us back and forth between searing guitar lines and a spacey, ethereal backdrop. It sounds like modern Pink Floyd. We will write a custom essay sample on Turn Blue by The Black Keys or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"Turn Blue,† the title track, is a bluesy, synth-driven night anthem perfect for falling asleep to. It sounds like something the Rolling Stones would have done had they only owned a laptop. And this is just what the album does so well – it unites the future with the past, taking on a new style but paying homage to classic rock greats along the way. The album is not without personal references – the bitter aftertaste of Auerbachs recent divorce conspicuously underscores the 11 tracks. By the grand finale, â€Å"Gotta Get Away,† in which Auerbach sings, â€Å"I went from San Perdue to Kalamazoo / just to get away from you,† the whole thing can start to feel, at least lyrically, like one big hard-boiled kiss-off; some form of revenge was clearly on his mind during the songwriting. This is blues rock, however, and the Black Keys are not a group to expect much from lyrically. The duo prefers to let the music speak for itself. At a time when most big rock reinventions are beginning to feel like clunky diversions into electronics and music without substance, â€Å"Turn Blue† provides a refreshing listen, in large part because no one really expected the Black Keys to deliver such a powerful punch after 2012s immensely popular â€Å"El Camino.† And while it may not be as catchy or radio-friendly as its predecessor, the Danger Mouse-produced treatise nonetheless proves a challenging but rewarding listen.

A Biography of the Venerable Bede

A Biography of the Venerable Bede The Venerable Bede was a British monk whose works in theology, history, chronology, poetry, and biography have led him to be accepted at the greatest scholar of the early medieval era. Born in March of 672 and having died on May 25, 735 in Jarrow, Northumbria, UK, Bede is most famous for producing the Historia ecclesiastica (Ecclesiastical History), a source essential for our understanding of the Anglo-Saxons and the Christianisation of Britain in the era before William the Conqueror and the Norman Conquest, earning him the title of the Father of English history. Childhood Little is known of Bedes childhood, other than he was born in March of 672 to parents living on land belonging to the newly founded Monastery of St. Peter, based in Wearmouth, to which Bede was given by relatives for a monastic education when he was seven. Initially, in the care of Abbot Benedict, Bedes teaching was taken over by Ceolfrith, with whom Bede moved to the monasterys new twin-house at Jarrow in 681. The Life of Ceolfrith suggests that here only the young Bede and Ceolfrith survived a plague which devastated the settlement. However, in the aftermath of the plague the new house regrew and continued. Both houses were in the kingdom of Northumbria. Adult Life Bede spent the rest of his life as a monk at Jarrow, first being taught and then teaching to the daily rhythms of monastic rule: for Bede, a mixture of prayer and study. He was ordained as a Deacon aged 19 – at a time when Deacons were supposed to be 25 or over – and a priest aged 30. Indeed, historians believe Bede left Jarrow only twice in his relatively long life, to visit Lindisfarne and York. While his letters contain hints of other visits, there isnt any real evidence, and he certainly never traveled far. Works Monasteries were nodes of scholarship in early medieval Europe, and there is nothing surprising in the fact that Bede, an intelligent, pious and educated man, used his learning, life of study and house library to produce a large body of writing. What was unusual was the sheer breadth, depth, and quality of the fifty plus works he produced, covering scientific and chronological matters, history and biography and, perhaps as expected, scriptural commentary. As befitted the greatest scholar of his era, Bede had the chance to become Prior of Jarrow, and perhaps more, but turned the jobs down as they would interfere with his study. The Theologian: Bedes biblical commentaries – in which he interpreted the bible mainly as an allegory, applied criticism and tried to solve discrepancies – were extremely popular in the early medieval period, being copied and spread – along with Bedes reputation – widely across the monasteries of Europe. This dissemination was helped by the school of Archbishop Egbert of York, one of Bedes pupils, and later by a student of this school, Alcuin, who became head of Charlemagnes palace school and played a key role in the Carolingian Renaissance. Bede took the Latin and Greek of the early church manuscripts and turned them into something the secular elites of the Anglo-Saxon world could deal with, helping them accept the faith and spread the church. The Chronologist Bedes two chronological works - De temporibus (On Times) and De temporum ratione (On the Reckoning of Time) were concerned with establishing the dates of Easter. Along with his histories, these still affect our style of dating: when equating the number of the year with the year of Jesus Christs life, Bede invented the use of A.D., The Year Of Our Lord. In stark contrast to dark age cliches, Bede also knew the world was round, the moon affected tides and appreciated observational science. The Historian In 731/2 Bede completed the Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum, the Ecclesiastical History of the English People. An account of Britain between the landings of Julius Caesar in 55/54 BC and St. Augustine in 597 AD, its the key source on the Christianisation of Britain, a mixture of sophisticated historiography and religious messages containing details simply not found elsewhere. As such, it now overshadows his other historical, indeed all his other, works and is one of the key documents in the entire field of British history. Its also lovely to read. Death and Reputation Bede died in 735 and was buried at Jarrow before being re-interred inside Durham Cathedral (at the time of this writing the Bedes World museum in Jarrow have a cast of his cranium on display.) He was already renowned among his peers, being described by a Bishop Boniface as having shone forth as a lantern in the world by his scriptural commentary, but is now regarded as the greatest and most multi-talented scholar of the early medieval era, perhaps of the entire medieval era. Bede was sainted in 1899, thus giving him the posthumous title of Saint Bede the Venerable. Bede was declared venerable by the church in 836, and the word is given on his tomb in Durham Cathedral: Hic sunt in fossa bedae venerabilis ossa (Here are buried the bones of the Venerable Bede.) Bede on Bede The Historia ecclesiastica finishes with a short account of Bede about himself and a list of his many works (and is actually the key source about his life that we, much later historians, have to work with): Thus much of the Ecclesiastical History of Britain, and more especially of the English nation, as far as I could learn either from the writings of the ancients, or the tradition of our ancestors, or of my own knowledge, has, with the help of God, been digested by me, Bede, the servant of God, and priest of the monastery of the blessed apostles, Peter and Paul, which is at Wearmouth and Jarrow; who being born in the territory of that same monastery, was given, at seven years of age, to be educated by the most reverend Abbot Benedict, and afterwards by Ceolfrid; and spending all the remaining time of my life in that monastery, I wholly applied myself to the study of Scripture, and amidst the observance of regular discipline, and the daily care of singing in the church, I always took delight in learning, teaching, and writing. In the nineteenth year of my age, I received deacons orders; in the thirtieth, those of the priesthood, both of them by the ministry of the most reverend Bishop J ohn, and by the order of the Abbot Ceolfrid. From which time, till the fifty-ninth year of my age, I have made it my business, for the use of me and mine, to compile out of the works of the venerable Fathers, and to interpret and explain according to their meaning... Source Bede, Ecclesiastical History of the English People. Penguin Classics, D. H. Farmer  (Editor, Introduction), Ronald Latham (Editor), et al., Paperback, Revised edition, Penguin Classics, May 1, 1991.

Business Cycle in Theory

The business cycle is a nonrepeating cycle of expansion from commercial activity to economic recession, which shows various upward trends. As part of the business cycle, the recession starts as the investment increases, and the economic recession expands as investment increases. From 1929 to 1933, GDP declined by 30% and the economy entered the Great Depression which continued until the Second World War. There have been ten recessions since 1945. To some extent, the 1990s like the 1920s included rapid economic growth and unprecedented prosperity (). From a conceptual point of view, linking innovation-based growth to business cycle theory is not new. The history of this idea can be traced back to at least Schumpeter (1934). Aghion and Howitt (1991) reviewed several attempts to unify growth and business cycle. Implementation cycle theory of Shleifer (1986) is an example of the conceptual relationship between (endogenous) business cycle and innovation-based growth theory. Cycle of repea ted innovation in enterprises due to externality of demand. Because we are looking forward to prosperity, prosperity will be self-fulfilling. However, to our knowledge, this is the first study to integrate diversity-based endogenous growth base and elements of the RBC method (note the attention to exogenous total productivity as the only uncertain factor Including). Because many people believe that there is an economic cycle, the economic cycle theory is important. This is not a permanent belief. In the 19th century, the economic cycle was not regarded as an economic cycle at all, but it was regarded as a spell of crisis that hampers the steady development of the economy. In the next few years economists and non economists began to believe in the regularity of these crises and analyzed how they relate to the segregated and changing economic structure. In society, it is said that history is constantly repeated. This is a business cycle that repeats the cycle that has been going on fo r many years, from the economic downturn to recovery and expansion. It will never end, it will not stop repeating Business Cycle in Theory The business cycle is a nonrepeating cycle of expansion from commercial activity to economic recession, which shows various upward trends. As part of the business cycle, the recession starts as the investment increases, and the economic recession expands as investment increases. From 1929 to 1933, GDP declined by 30% and the economy entered the Great Depression which continued until the Second World War. There have been ten recessions since 1945. To some extent, the 1990s like the 1920s included rapid economic growth and unprecedented prosperity (). From a conceptual point of view, linking innovation-based growth to business cycle theory is not new. The history of this idea can be traced back to at least Schumpeter (1934). Aghion and Howitt (1991) reviewed several attempts to unify growth and business cycle. Implementation cycle theory of Shleifer (1986) is an example of the conceptual relationship between (endogenous) business cycle and innovation-based growth theory. Cycle of repea ted innovation in enterprises due to externality of demand. Because we are looking forward to prosperity, prosperity will be self-fulfilling. However, to our knowledge, this is the first study to integrate diversity-based endogenous growth base and elements of the RBC method (note the attention to exogenous total productivity as the only uncertain factor Including). Because many people believe that there is an economic cycle, the economic cycle theory is important. This is not a permanent belief. In the 19th century, the economic cycle was not regarded as an economic cycle at all, but it was regarded as a spell of crisis that hampers the steady development of the economy. In the next few years economists and non economists began to believe in the regularity of these crises and analyzed how they relate to the segregated and changing economic structure. In society, it is said that history is constantly repeated. This is a business cycle that repeats the cycle that has been going on fo r many years, from the economic downturn to recovery and expansion. It will never end, it will not stop repeating

Critically explore the risks, challenges and key issues in relation to Essay - 1

Critically explore the risks, challenges and key issues in relation to starting up a new restaurant in Cardiff Bay in light of the current economic climate in the UK 01312 - Essay Example Resultantly, UK is considered as fruitful economy for businesses due its supporting business environment. The country is also attracting FDI for numerous sectors including food and beverages (Institute of Foreign Economy, NDRC, 2014). Also, According to PWC (2015), Europe including UK attracted around 22 million more tourists in 2014 than 2013. Cardiff Bay, the mining valley holds the status of world’ first industrialized city (Cardiff Caerdydd, N.d) and 10th largest UK city but remained underprivileged for centuries due to ignorance by authorities. With this scenario at affect, role of SME’s increase massively in Cardiff Bay as the economy is then dependent on small and medium enterprises. The last two decades witnessed the adventurous growth events and developments in the Cardiff Bay region. As reported, from 1000 registered buildings 547 are of food businesses including bar, cafà © and restaurants in Cardiff Bay (Ruddick, 2012). Hence, role of hospitality industry is wide in SME in Cardiff Bay region. Hence, with these factors at affect the paper reviews the challenges and issues that starting a new venture of restaurant in Cardiff Bay will be faced with. Honig and Samuelsson, (2011) empirically researched the effectiveness of planning and discussed the factors and viability of planning to enter in a business. Different factors in Cardiff Bay contribute in the importance of business planning. The potential population growth and changing lifestyle are promising measures for services business industry in the region (Cardiff Caerdydd, N.d). Cardiff Bay attracts around 18 million visitors a year till 2012. Though, the region still needs huge reforms but critics have positive anticipations. The lack in connectivity, infrastructure and funding measures, increasing unemployment rates and strong ethnic values that cannot be easily changed all also factors that must be considered before developing business

Procurement Management Plan for Laces Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Procurement Management Plan for Laces - Essay Example It also throws light on the procedure of endorsement of agreement and decision making strategy. Approach: The plan should define plainly the compulsory stages and duties thought the life of the company. The company manager work with the project team, contract, purchasing department and vendors to go through different stages of the plan, and make sure that the plan should be able to guide the company in the effective termination of the project. Definition: The procurement definition identifies clearly the articles to be acquired and states associated circumstances. Procurement deadlines are also clearly defined which is very necessary for the effective accomplishment of the assignment. Thus in the definition articles to be procured should be listed, justification given, conditions stated and any other specification required must also be described. The names of the persons must also be given who can approve the purchase etc. in the absence of the manager. Table I: Shows the articles/se rvices to be procured, rationalization and deadline. Article/Service Rationalization Deadline 1. Laces Required for the shoes and its preparation is very costly 1 October 2011 2. Studded soles Required for the completion of the shoes and its preparation is very time consuming 1 October 2011 3. ... The articles required in this case are usually procured by firm-fixed price contract. The project team specifies the articles, their amounts, services and deadlines. The purchasing department calls bids from different vendors according to the specifications and deadlines. It also bargains the price of the articles with the selected vendor according to the firm-fixed price. Contract accomplishment procedure: The contract execution procedure varies greatly among different companies but it is very important to specify all the rules for finalizing a contract relating to procurement with the company. The authorities which will be involved in decision making should also be mentioned. First of all it is decided that which articles are to be procured. It can be done through a survey of the cost analysis of the required articles provided internally compared with that procured from different vendors. After making decisions about the items to be procured based on the cost analysis, the purchasi ng department will call for bids from different vendors. Different vendors will send proposals which will be reviewed to see which proposal is according to the criteria set out by the project team and purchasing department and offers lowest price. It is also decided that up to what amount the project manager can approve the purchase and the purchases greater than that amount will require the approval of The Contract Review Board. This Contract Review Board usually consists of agents of the project team, purchasing department, finance and project manager office. Decision making criteria: The standard which is used by the contract review board/project manager for the selection and award of contracts differs from company to company. However, following criteria

Why School Should Start Later Essay Example for Free

Why School Should Start Later Essay Dont you hate waking up early in the morning? During the school year, students wake up early to get ready for school. In my opinion, its not practical for students to begin classes before 8:00 AM. I feel that schools should start an hour later, resulting in better attendances, grades and attitudes. Its a proven fact that teenagers need between 8 ? and 9 hours of sleep each night. Its also a proven fact that only 15 % of teenagers get the sleep that they need. Can you believe that more than 25 % of teenagers sleep less than seven hours a night? Are you one of those teenagers? Well, part of the reason why this is happening is because school starts so early in the morning. If school hours were changed, teenagers would be much healthier and feel better. If school started later, teenagers will have a longer time to sleep and time to prepare for school. A later start would mean that students would not be late to school as often as they have more time to wake up and get ready for school. The concentration levels of the students would increase as they have had the chance to prepare themselves for the day ahead. If concentration is improved then the rise in grades will increase. It will be more productive for schools and it would also give teachers more time to prepare for classes and the day ahead before the students arrive. Furthermore, school officials are always complaining that so many of their students are constantly tardy to school. They even have a policy in our school that states, if you are tardy five times to a certain class you have to stay an hour after school sitting in detention. Out of the many reasons students receive an office detention for being tardy; its usually due to their first period class. They dont get to school on time because they oversleep, so if these school officials dont like students being tardy, why dont they consider having school start later? Additionally, the first two periods seem like a waste. Students arent learning to their full potential, and as a result arent getting the grades they are capable of. Over 20 % of all high school students fall asleep in school at one time or another. Its hard to learn while youre sleeping. Also, part of the reason why students dont get enough sleep is because they are up late studying. You cant expect students to come home from school, study, eat dinner, do their homework and then go to bed right away. Teenagers need to watch TV, talk to their friends, and run errands after school. We arent machines; we need fun in our lives. With an extra hour of sleep, we will be refreshed and ready to learn for our first couple of classes. While many people say that if schools started an hour later, kids would just be staying up longer and goofing off, theyre wrong. Having that extra hour, students could have time to relax and wouldnt feel as rushed to do everything they have to do. So whats the problem? There is none. School officials need to stop making excuses against this. In a nutshell, I believe all schools including ours should adopt this schedule of beginning the school day an hour later. With an extra hour of sleep, students would have better attendance, better grades, and a better attitude towards school. What is the use of trying to teach kids that cant learn? Sending kids to school before they have had ample time to wake up will only result in them not learning to their full potential.

Life Controlled by Media Results in False Knowledge Essay -- Fahrenhei

Life Controlled by Media Results in False Knowledge Fahrenheit 451 is a novel where the society eliminates unhappiness. The fire department starts fire instead of putting it out, because they burn books. The author is trying to show that life prohibited by community results in false knowledge of ourselves. Not everyone feels that way. So, some people go against the law and read books. Ray Bradbury shows the readers that there is always something wrong with perfect society. The society dislikes books because it makes them unhappy. For example, â€Å"Mrs. Phelps was crying. The others in the middle of the dessert watched her crying grow very loud as her face squeezed itself out of shape† (Bradbury 100). This shows that when Montag read a poem to Millie’s friends, the misery of the poem got one of them to cry. This is because they don’t know how to accept the truth and grief. In addition, Beatty said â€Å"You can’t rid yourselves of all the odd ducks in just a few years† (Bradbury 60).This shows that people even try to remove people that are weird but didn’t do anything wrong. This is because once again they try to make the society as perfect as they can. As a result, they can do some pretty cruel stuff to make life better for them. The more people read the more knowledge they have but not everyone. For example, â€Å"If anything should happen to Harris you are the book of Ecclesiastes† (Bradbury 151). This shows that Montag is smart and has knowledge of what’s going on. This is b...

Colonization of India Essay

The colonization of India was very slow and very subtle. Europe’s first contacts in India were made initially by the Portuguese. The Portuguese traveled there by sea and took over Indian trade and commerce. In 1492 a Papal Bull was declared, allowing the Portuguese to go to Kerala (May 18th, 1498). They went in search of spices, and Christians. Later in another voyage in 1500 it became the Portuguese mission to convert Indians as well as manipulating the spice trade. 95 years later, in 1595 the Dutch began to invade India. Now two European influences were controlling India. Both the Dutch and Portuguese had prominent influence in India but the most came from England around the year 1600. India at the time was a very powerful place due to its trading possibilities. It had very valuable spice products that many nations desired, especially the English. That is why in 1600 the British East India Trading Company was created, â€Å"After a Dutch company made tremendous profits trading with the spice islands in South-east Asia (known as the East-Indies) eighty English Merchants joined together to form the British East India Company in 1600. Timid traders compared to the Portuguese and Dutch, the English merchants concentrated on amassing wealth. â€Å" (Indian Independence, 7) The trading company was the first way the English asserted themselves in India. In 1665, they gained even more power through the gaining of Bombay (because King Charles married a Portuguese princess) In 1696 the Mughals prohibited more settlement gaining England a mass amount of money. England asserted itself in India through social power, and money. In 1773, as the company almost went bankrupt the English government took over the trading company. This basically gave the English unlimited power in India. At this time the English had great means to colonize India. The British were in the middle of the Industrial Revolution. They were continuously coming up with and producing new technologies, which greatly helped improve their economy. Factories were opened, and railroads were built, demand for English products were huge they were very much in power, coupled with a strong navy this made them very powerful. But the English knew they could not directly take over Indians even with all this power. India was valuable for their Spice production. In order to produce spices, they needed the Indian people happy and alive. The extent of what they could do was send English regiments there, and even many soldiers disagreed with the English motives this made colonization in India difficult, therefore it had to be very subtle and quiet, here is an account of English soldier in Burma, â€Å"All this was perplexing and upsetting. For at that time I had already made up my mind that imperialism was an evil thing and the sooner chucked up my job and got out of it the better. The oretically-and secretly of course- I was all for the Burmese and all against the Burmese, the British. â€Å" (George Orwell, Shooting an Elephant 1) Even those on the side of England opposed England.

Comparing and Contrasting Views of Emotion Regulation

Everyone regulates their emotions and some better than others. A majority of the time we do not even realize we are doing so because of a very powerful unconscious. Emotion regulation is a relatively new section of psychology because it has yet to be extensively researched. Such unexplored areas tend to be even a little fuzzy to even the most understanding of researchers. James J. Gross of Stanford University is one of the comparatively few researchers in this field and has written many psychologically recognized papers on different aspects of emotion regulation. A significant article about the ideas of emotion regulation that also states many conducted experiments is titled â€Å"Emotion regulation: Affective, cognitive, and social consequences. † Many of his articles and ideas closely relate to the ideas contained within Benedict Carey’s New York Times article entitled â€Å"Mind-Polishing Tools for Your Fuse Box of Emotions. †While these two articles by Gross and Carey both narrowly focus on a small portion of today’s psychological knowledge, there is a sharp contrast in their views of the topic. Perhaps by preferences of the author or what may be lack of knowledge on the author’s behalf, it is more than pure scientific evidence that produced such similar articles that differ on so many levels at the same time. Both written materials of course have an audience, but the audiences to which they appeal are entire opposites. Both authors tend to also have slightly differing views it seems but it is apparent in what they have written that they both coincide on the idea that poor emotion suppression plays its largest role in the social environment. However, even though suppression is a main focus for both, Carey’s article tends to drift towards seeing suppression in a mostly negative light. The New York Times, the source of Carey’s popular press article, is more directly aimed toward the general public with the intent of informing. Therefore, the emotion regulation article doesn’t assume the reader knows anything about the subject and so starts off by introducing the topic and slowly works its way further into topic while never really going too far into scientific depth. Instead of using made-up examples as Gross does which may not be relative to the general public, Carey chooses real-life examples that tend to be more connected to the everyday life of U. S. citizens as goes his opening sentence: â€Å"The longing for President Obama to vent some fury at oil executives or bankers may run deeper than politics† (Carey, 2010, para. 1). Such statements appear to be just an example, yet they also hold the author’s view of the situation, especially in an opening sentence. Such views usually set the tone or attitude for the rest of the article. This is not so, however, in one of Gross’s first statements where his example in one that has no depth: â€Å"Sometimes, emotions are triggered virtually automatically, such as when we recoil fearfully from a snake† (Gross, 2002). The example he uses, as previously stated, is not one that every person reading his article may know or have experienced but it also effective and contradicts the popular press article because it is an example which holds no emotional value. By not using emotion to shape his example, it is evident that Gross is not trying to persuade the reader to one view in any way, but rather just tells the facts. These forms of expressions are typical of a scholarly or peer reviewed article but that doesn’t mean that Carey couldn’t use this form of fact telling to get his point across. Content with emotional backup is favored by a reader just wanting a general picture because it makes for a more interesting read which is obviously Carey’s type of audience and not Gross’s. As far as content of the articles is concerned, it seems that the social consequences of emotion suppression are the bigger picture and focus of them both. Research in the past few years has found that people develop a variety of psychological tools to manage what they express in social situations, and those techniques often become subconscious, affecting interactions in unintended ways† (Carey, 2010, para. 6). Obviously what emotions we portray in interactions with others will affect the reactions of the partner and your own. Letting these emotions flow, whether positive or negative, seems to be a great way to release weight off your shoulders, so to speak. On the other hand, how we let emotions flow and to what extent has a major impact on our relationships with others. Positive portrayal of emotions is always the key to keeping healthy interactions. Even if it is anger that you are showing, sometimes letting the other person know why you are angry allows both of you to work on a solution which in turn is a positive consequence. Suppression is found to also lessen the psychological experience of a situation and also negatively decrease memory abilities during that period of time (Gross, 2002). Introverts therefore, keeping their personal feelings secret, would not mentally feel as strongly about an exciting event as someone who would greatly express their joy or excitement. So it seems that in this case, the more you show you’re excited, the more excited you become. Suppression then can be seen as a downward spiral to levels of low satisfaction, also known as the snowball effect. Although biases in published articles are regularly avoided, sometimes an author will include their beliefs about the topic more than they intend to. Biases generally are not an in-your-face way of illustrating an author’s view but rather a hidden and underlying focus that not only shows the author’s preference but unknowingly slightly persuades a reader to agree with the writer. One way of biasing toward one train of thought is to only state that one opinion that the author has and not the opposing view. Thus it can be seen that Gross is not biased toward suppression only being a negative social consequence through sentences like: â€Å"Compared to reappraisal, suppression leads individuals to share less of their positive and negative emotions, resulting in weakened social support, and even being less liked† (Gross, 2002). Being an author of a mainly research based article, Gross makes it clear that there is evidence that not only are there other forms of emotion regulation but different forms of suppression as well. In opposition to using other types of emotion regulation to further support evidence of suppressions consequences, Carey continues to use only examples of poor regulation to back up his conclusions. By mentioning that useful emotions are beneficial in certain settings, he veers away from going in depth about reappraisal because of how it might tone down his argument of how suppression is the main way that emotion regulation goes awry. Because Carey wrote this article in response to research and experiments about a scientific topic and not about social issues themselves, his bias is not a strong one or clearly apparent unless really evaluated as such. Largely due to less strict guidelines, popular press articles almost without fail are not just a write-up of facts but contain a viewpoint of some sort. This viewpoint not only shows the writers perspective but also generally allows the reader to decide for themselves what it is they choose to believe. Whether in light of the facts or in common beliefs, we can be sure that without a doubt emotion regulation controls all of our social interactions sometimes without us even noticing. However, Carey states that â€Å"people may choose the emotions they feel far more often than they are aware – and those choices, too, can trip up social interactions† (Carey, 2010, para. 17). Emotions may clearly show our feelings but the correct way to do so remains quite imperfect. With new studies like those discussed in Gross’s ending address to researchers there is still much to be learned about how we as humans can positively impact our own lives in how we regulate our emotions. If we can learn as developing youngsters how to affect our social habits we may very well see a decline in mental and social disorders in society. There are valuable strategies for different situations, the only trouble is deciding which one is right (Carey, 2010, para. 26). Mastering our own actions and portrayal of emotions will not ever reach perfection. These actions and feelings are often dealt with unconsciously so it is impossible to completely control them yet if we do control all that we can the world may very well be a more accepting environment and impact our own and other’s interactions for the better. Such hopes are more than likely the motivation for each of these authors to learn and write about the subject. Carey and Gross alike wrote for the greater good of informing about emotion regulation but their two articles were also not alike in so many ways. The context in which each author writes is ever so different for whom they are writing. More importantly though, the content the authors include paints a much bigger picture. Both articles focus on how poor emotion regulation has a huge consequence on our social lives. Their focuses differ however, because Carey focuses his article on how suppression is almost always a bad technique while Gross gives insight as to how there are different approaches of suppression and emotion regulation in general. To say the least, these two articles are comparatively alike in topic but contrast the divided views of the topic in whole, shedding new light on the future of emotion regulation.

Discussion

Discussion Discussion-Adapting Marketing Strategies Essays Marketing in a global environment brings with it some unique challenges. Assume that you are with Kellogg's Cereal Company. You have decided to enter the market in a new country. I. What are some things to consider when entering a new market? Kellogg Cereal Company needs to clearly define its marketing objectives. In moving into a new country, knowing their target group takes on a new meaning. A part of knowing their target includes but is not limited to knowing that country’s: language, economy, monetary structure, political structure and status, culture (business, social and historical), import/trade/business policies, regulations and laws (especially as they pertain to foreign owned businesses). If the Kellogg’s Company decides to establish facilities in the target country, they will want to consider where it will manufacture their products and what it will take to establish those facilities in the country or countries they choose. If they are not going to establish in the target country, they have to consider if they are going to export (directly or indirect), licensing, joint ventures and direct investment (Kotler and Keller p. 603). With exporting Kellogg’s may considering engaging an ex port management company which will be one of their biggest costs if they go this route (Kotler and Keller p. 603). They will want to decide if they are going to move into just one country or multiple and how they will go about doing this. Will they do it all at once, staggered or gradually? Business expansion has to be very well thought out, however, when you are moving into another country it has to be very well planned and strategized. They should consider making certain that they know what type of competition they face in those companies and develop a very strong and aggressive marketing and public relations campaign in those countries. Competition may be a bit more radical than expected, especially in developing countries. Kellogg’s has to decide if they are moving into developing or already developed markets. They must determine which will best serve their brand. The company has to be prepared to do business differently in order to adapt to the country’s socio-economic and cultural differences. They may find themselves in markets that they do not target in their current markets. Determining channels of distribution is also very important. In developing countries there may be obstacles to overcome that they company might not encounter in the USA. In already developed countries, distribution may involve government owned/run channels or dealing with privateers or brokers. Lastly, do they have to make innovations to their existing products or do they have to create new cereals or will their existing products serve the new global markets without innovations/adaptations? II. What are some recommendations as to how Kellogg’s in particular should enter the market and what strategies should be considered so that the cereal products are effectively introduced upon entry into the market? I recommend that Kellogg’s create a team of people native to each country in which they desire to expand to represent their interests and serve as operations and sales in the chosen country. A team from the USA should relocate to that country and partner with this team as they will want to create a seamless relationship with that country’s government and business and manufacturing community and solid communication flow. These individuals will assure that all legal, political, cultural and business activities and challenges are appropriately addressed. For this reason, moving into more than one country is not recommended initially. A planned strategic move into a specific region may work best. The marketing team should be a mix of persons native

To What Extent are Tutors and Students Responsible for the Learning Essay

To What Extent are Tutors and Students Responsible for the Learning Experience in Higher Education - Essay Example Many experiments have been done on the same and several critics have given the drawbacks and necessary steps that need to overcome them to have a better learning experience. On keeping this as a starting note, it is high time that equal importance is given to students and their learning experience at a higher education level. The primary factor that determines the scale of the learning experience of every student is their boredom factor. So, in order to identify the extent to which the students and teachers are responsible for the learning experience in higher education, an analysis has to be made with boredom as a critical factor.( Mann & Robinson 2009) To give a brief explanation of what boredom is, it can be attributed to person's state of mind when he has nothing to do that he likes. On an analysis on what causes boredom among students which in turn leads them to have a bad learning experience, it was found out that the teaching techniques of the lectures and the methods they fol low to be the primary reason. Some of the teaching methods followed by teachers evoke a passive environment of learning. Also, a one-way relationship between teachers and students could also lead to a dip in their learning curve. On the other side, a student's individual interest also plays a part on the grade one earns in learning. (Gjesne 1977) If the student is not open towards learning new things, irrespective of whatever the teacher presents. Then, the student is at the receiving end for all the blames of having a lean learning experience. Hence a cognitive analysis is required on both sides to determine the extent of impact on learning experience. ( Mann & Robinson 2009) Teachers' effect on learning experience The main teaching method that is followed in most of the universities is converting text to computer PowerPoint presentations and presenting them. Although studies have shown that these methods have improved the learning outcomes of students, there have been cases where it has had a negative impact on students. Hence a factual study of whether these presentations have improved the learning outcomes have not been provided yet.

Sensory Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Sensory Evaluation - Essay Example (Gatchalian , 1975) Difference - The easiest to conduct and analyze. The method involves the presentation of a set of samples one at a time, in equally spaced intervals. Only one stimulus is being evaluated at any one time. A single sample is presented at a time but evaluation is passed on several samples which are successfully presented. Evaluation is based largely on pre-established "memory standards".(Pangborn, 1967) The first sample to be evaluated, coded "A" is the standard. The preceding samples will be identified whether it is same as sample coded "A" or "Not A" while memory is relied upon acquaintance with the "standard" would reduce the wide time elapsed needed for recall. This method can be used by expert tasters or consumers for product acceptance tests. This test is utilized in conditions where products of heterogeneous properties are to be compared for one homogeneous quality, e.g. products are different in all aspects except flaws. This test is used for product development, product compar ison and storage stability. Paired or Two-Sample Test Method - Two samples are presented at any one point for evaluation. Samples in pairs presented successively for evaluation. The panelists are asked if they find a "difference" or "no difference" between the pair of samples presented. Analysis of the results will establish if a difference exists between samples. If there is a difference, further tests could be done to establish the extent of the difference. This test can be used in the panel selection and in regular monitoring of the panel sensitivity. This test is used for product development and evaluation and product comparison. This test can also be used in the determination of the threshold difference. Duo-Trio Test - This method is a modification of the two sample and triangle tests, or a combination of single sample and paired comparison tests. Three samples are used, two of which are alike as in the triangle test. However, in this test, the control/reference sample is made known to the panelist and he is then asked to pick the sample similar to the control/reference. This test is used for difference tests needed in quality control to determine variations between batches of production; stored and fresh products and for product improvement and development studies. The Triangle Test - This method utilizes three samples at any one time with two of the samples being identical and the third different. The latter is the unknown. This test is used mainly for product development and improvement and quality control. This is used in storage studies and product improvement activities. This test can also be used for panel selection and training purposes and in instrument correlation. Category or Descriptive Sensory Test Hedonic Scale method is a measure of acceptability gauged from consumer reaction in terms of their degree of like or dislike for a given product under a given set of conditions. The evaluators' reactions are indicated by descriptive words on a scale. This test is used to detect small differences in the degree of liking for similar foods and to detect gross differences even when time, subject and test conditions are allowed to vary. (Amerine, et. al., 1965) Ranking for Preference or Consumer-Type Test - In this method, different samples are usually presented for preference judgment to untrained panels. This test is used